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α和β地贫不能直接比较哪个遗传给宝宝比较严重，因为地贫要区分轻度、中度、重度地贫。如果α地贫和β地贫都是属于轻度那么遗传给宝宝都不严重，轻度地贫即使遗传给宝宝身体也不会出现明显的症状。

但是中度和重度的α和β地贫无论哪一个遗传给宝宝都一样严重，宝宝会出现一系列严重的并发症，比如都会出现严重的溶血性贫血、肝脾肿大、黄疸、营养不良。宝宝遗传上中重度的α和β地贫随时都会有生命危险。所以不能直接的比较α和β地贫哪个遗传给宝宝严重。下面是α、β遗传给宝宝的症状：

α地贫β地贫遗传的区别
轻型症状中度症状重度症状α地贫基本无症状持续性的黄疸、肝脾增大库氏面容、肝脾明显肿大β地贫基本无症状颅骨长骨皮质层变薄、黄疸慢性进行性贫血、肝脾肿大

济南960医院和济宁附属医院做试管婴儿都比较好，这两家医院做试管都具有多年的临床经验，而且目前的助孕成功率也都在国内先进水平。济南960医院和济宁附属医院都开展了夫精人工授精、第一代和第二代试管婴儿技术，不过济宁附属医院还开展了供精人工授精和第三代试管婴儿技术，所以大家可以根据自己的生育需求来选择合适的医院就好。

济宁医学院附属医院和济南的联勤保障部队第960医院都是一家综合性三甲医院，综合实力都比较强，这两家医院做试管也都很有经验。下面就为大家介绍一下这两家医院的情况：

1、济宁附属医院

济宁医学院附属医院位于济宁市古槐路89号，该医院生殖医学科成立于2003年，是鲁西南地区较早开展人类辅助生殖技术的专业医疗机构。下面是该生殖中心的相关信息：

1.开展技术：目前已经开展了夫精/供精人工授精技术，第一、二以及三代试管婴儿技术，精子、胚胎冷冻保存技术、附睾、睾丸细针穿刺取精子术等等先进技术；

2.试管成功率：济宁医学院附属医院试管成功率已达到国内先进水平，在50%-60%左右；

3.医疗团队：济宁附属医院试管医生比较好的有杨爱军、李瑞梅、牛焕付、田丽娟、梁鲁南等等。

2、济南960医院

联勤保障部队第960医院位于济南市天桥区师范路25号，该医院生殖中心位于院内门诊部楼北部，下面就为大家介绍一下960医院生殖中心的一些情况：

1.开展技术：能进行常规的体外受精-胚胎移植、卵浆内单精子注射、人工授精、胚胎冷冻、冻融胚胎移植、睾丸或附睪丸穿刺取精等手术；

2.试管成功率：济南960医院试管成功率也比较高，能达到50%左右；

3.医疗团队：生殖医学中心现有主任医师、硕士生导师2名、医学博士2名、硕士2名，其中比较好的医生有郝天羽、陈诵芬、刘海萍、李艳丽、王建业等等。

如果有一天，你可以选择生育一个小“爱因斯坦”，也可以生育一个智商普通的孩子，你会做出什么样的选择？据科学家预计，未来10年内，人类将可以使用试管婴儿技术选择“最聪明”的胚胎。

Genetics research, conceptual artwork. CHINA DAILY

Couples undergoing IVF treatment could be given the option to pick the “smartest” embryo within the next 10 years, a leading US scientist has predicted.

据美国一名权威科学家预计，未来10年之内，做试管婴儿的夫妇将能够选择“最聪明”的胚胎。

IVF：in vitro fertilization 体外受精联合胚胎移植技术，又称“试管婴儿”

Stephen Hsu, senior vice president for research at Michigan State University, said scientific advances mean it will soon be feasible to reliably rank embryos according to potential IQ, posing profound ethical questions for society about whether or not the technology should be adopted.

美国密歇根州立大学主管科研的副校长徐道辉（斯蒂芬·徐）说，科学进步意味着人类不久就能够对胚胎的潜在智商给出可靠的评分，这项技术是否应该使用将是一个深刻的社会伦理问题。

Hsu’s company, Genomic Prediction, already offers a test aimed at screening out embryos with abnormally low IQ to couples being treated at fertility clinics in the US.

徐道辉的基因组预测公司已经为在美国不孕不育诊所接受治疗的夫妇提供了一项检测服务，旨在筛查出智商异常低的胚胎。

“Accurate IQ predictors will be possible, if not the next five years, the next 10 years certainly,” Hsu told the Guardian. “I predict certain countries will adopt them.”

徐道辉对《卫报》记者说：“准确的智商预测是可能的，即使不是未来5年内，那么在未来10年内也肯定可以。我预计一些国家会采纳这项技术。”

The prospect of a new generation of genetically selected babies has prompted concerns about unintended medical consequences and the potential for deepening existing social inequalities. The science underpinning the claim that intelligence can be meaningfully predicted by genetic tests is also contentious.

新一代基因选择婴儿的前景引发了人们对于意外医疗后果和现有社会不平等可能加剧的担忧。基因检测能够有效预测智商的科学技术也引发了争议。

contentious [kn'tens]：adj.有异议的，引起争论的

Peter Donnelly, a professor of statistical science at the University of Oxford, said any such IQ predictions should be treated with “huge caution”, adding: “I have grave misgivings about it on ethical grounds. I think it’s a really bad idea.”

牛津大学统计学教授彼得·唐纳利说，应该“十分谨慎”地对待此类智商预测。他说：“出于伦理原因，我对此非常担忧。我认为这是一个非常糟糕的想法。”

Since the 1990s, couples undergoing IVF have been able to screen their embryos for mutations in single genes that cause serious diseases such as cystic fibrosis, as well as conditions like Down’s syndrome, caused by chromosome abnormalities.

自上世纪90年代以来，接受试管受精的夫妇已经能够对他们的胚胎进行筛选，以发现单个基因的突变，这些突变会导致严重的疾病，比如囊性纤维化，以及染色体异常导致的唐氏综合征等。

chromosome ['krmsm]：n.染色体

outlier ['atla]：n.（统计）异常值

Medical staff put clothes on the newborn test-tube baby at a hospital in Xi'an, Northwest China's Shaanxi province. [Photo/Xinhua]

Prediction for IQ is not good enough to give a reliable ranking, but Hsu said that knowing an embryo has a low score could still be desirable.

智商预测目前还不足以给出可靠的评分，但徐道辉表示，如果一个胚胎的智商评分较低，人们可能还是很想知道。

“Maybe the bottom 1% embryo will grow up to be a great person … even be a scientist, but the odds are against it,” he said. “I honestly feel if we can calculate that score and find a real negative outlier there’s an ethical responsibility for us to report that.”

徐道辉说：“也许评分最低的1%的胚胎长大后会成为一个优秀的人……甚至成为一名科学家，但这种可能性很小。我真的觉得，如果我们能计算出这个评分，发现它低得十分异常，那么我们就有道德责任予以告知。”

The company projects that once high-quality genetic and academic achievement data from a million individuals becomes available, expected to be within five to 10 years, it will be able to predict IQ to within about 10 points.

该公司预计，在5至10年内，一旦100万人的高质量基因和学术成就数据可用，它将能够预测智商，误差在10分以内。

Hsu is reticent about whether screening for high intelligence would be ethically justified, saying: “Let me just decline to answer that at the moment.”

徐道辉不愿评论高智商筛查是否符合伦理标准，说“目前我拒绝回答这个问题”。

reticent ['rets()nt]：adj.沉默的；有保留的

In some countries, such as Singapore, there is likely to be a high level of public acceptance and demand for such tests, he suggested. “I think the overwhelming majority would say yes, absolutely, parents should be allowed to do that,” he said. “Before you write your piece, you might just want to think that a billion people on the other side of the world might have a different view.”

徐道辉说，在一些国家，比如新加坡，公众对此类检测的接受度和需求可能会很高。他说：“我认为绝大多数人肯定会赞成允许父母这样做。在你写这篇报道之前，也许应该想想地球另外一端的10亿人可能有不同的看法。”

Whether such tests will become available in the UK would depend on approval from the Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority (HFEA).

这种检测方法能否在英国实施将取决于英国人工授精与胚胎学管理局的批准。

南昌借腹怀胎

“If the HFEA decides that it’s not right for the UK, I will respect that,” Hsu said, but predicted that “rich people from the UK will fly to Singapore” if they are unable to get the tests locally.

他说:“如果英国人工授精与胚胎学管理局认为这对英国不合适，我会尊重这个决定。”但他预测，如果英国富人无法在当地进行这项检测，“他们会飞到新加坡去做的。”

Some in the UK take the view that prospective parents have a right to access such tests. “I don’t think people should be deprived of that knowledge,” said Prof Simon Fishel, the founder of Care Fertility.

在英国，一些人认为未来的父母有权进行此类检测。生育关怀组织的创始人西蒙费舍尔教授说:“我认为不应该剥夺人们的这种知情权。”

Fishel questioned whether there is any ethical difference between picking an embryo ranked highest for IQ or sending a child to a private school. “What’s wrong with ranking an embryo if you can rank a child?” he said. “I think there are plenty of people who’d choose embryo Oxford [rather] than embryo A-level failure.”

费舍尔质疑挑选智商最高的胚胎和送孩子去私立学校之间是否存在伦理上的差异。“如果你能给孩子评分，那给胚胎评分又有什么错呢？”他说。“我认为有很多人会选择未来能考取牛津的胚胎而不是无法通过英国中学高级水平考试的胚胎。”

In practice, though, couples often have only a few embryos to choose from. And there are concerns about unintended consequences. For instance, there is some evidence linking higher polygenic scores for academic ability to higher likelihood of autism.

但实际上，夫妇们通常只有几个胚胎可供选择。此外，人们还担心会出现意想不到的后果。例如，有证据表明，学术能力的多基因得分越高，患自闭症的可能性就越大。

The technology is controversial, but that does not mean it will not gain acceptance in the future, Hsu said, drawing parallels with the reaction to IVF in its early days.

徐道辉说，这项技术存在争议，但这并不意味着它在未来不会被接受，这与早期人们对体外受精的反应类似。

“The IVF pioneers … were called monsters, Frankenstein doctors; it was predicted that these babies would have health problems,” he said. “I am actually reassured by that. IVF is completely normalized now. Everyone who is pointing their finger at [Genomic Prediction] now should go back and read those articles.”

南昌供卵代孕指南

他说：“试管婴儿的先驱被称为怪物，弗兰肯斯坦医生。当时人们预测这些婴儿会有健康问题。实际上，我对此很放心。试管受精现在已经完全正常化。现在，所有指责（基因组预测）的人都应该回去读读那些文章。”

来源：卫报、参考消息网

翻译编辑：yaning

来源：中国日报网

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